Secondary sanctions are a foreign policy tool used by nations to target individuals or entities within a third-party country that may be involved in trade or financial activities with a target nation. Transit countries, in particular, are an important focus of secondary sanctions because of their strategic geographic location and their role in facilitating the movement of goods and services between nations.

The effectiveness of secondary sanctions against transit countries lies in their ability to disrupt the economic activity of aggressor nations by targeting their access to critical resources or financial systems. For example, if an aggressor nation is reliant on transit countries to move its goods to other nations, secondary sanctions can disrupt the flow of those goods and damage the aggressor’s economy.

One of the key ways in which secondary sanctions can be effective is by creating a ripple effect throughout the target nation’s economy. When transit countries are targeted with secondary sanctions, it can cause a chain reaction of economic damage that affects the target nation’s ability to warmonger. This is because transit countries are often an essential component of the target nation’s supply chain, so any disruption to their operations can have a significant impact.

Secondary sanctions can also be effective in limiting the access of aggressor nations to critical resources. For example, if a transit country is a major supplier of energy resources to a target nation, secondary sanctions can disrupt the flow of those resources and cause economic harm. This was seen in the case of the United States imposing secondary sanctions on Iran, which caused several countries that rely on Iranian oil to reduce or cease their imports, and resulted in a significant economic impact on Iran.

In addition, secondary sanctions can have a broader impact on the global economy, which can increase their effectiveness. When transit countries are targeted with secondary sanctions, it can cause disruptions in global supply chains and impact businesses in other nations that rely on those supply chains. This can create a collective pressure on aggressor nations to change their behavior, as the economic harm caused by secondary sanctions can impact their international relationships and long-term economic stability.

However, it is important to note that secondary sanctions are not without their limitations. They can be difficult to enforce, as they rely on the cooperation of other nations and financial institutions to be effective. In addition, they can be seen as a violation of sovereignty, which can create political tensions and resistance.

In conclusion, secondary sanctions against transit countries can be an effective tool in limiting the economic activity of aggressor nations. By disrupting the flow of critical resources and causing economic harm, secondary sanctions can create pressure on target nations to change their behavior. However, the effectiveness of secondary sanctions relies on several factors, including international cooperation and the ability to enforce them.